The History of Google and How It Was Invented

Search engines, or internet portals, have been around since the early days of the internet. But it was Google,  a relative latecomer, that would go on to become the premier destination for finding just about anything on the World Wide Web. Definition of a Search Engine A search engine is a program that searches the internet and finds webpages for you based on the keywords that you submit. There are several parts to a search engine, including: Search engine software, such as boolean operators, search fields, and display formatSpider or crawler software that reads web pagesA databaseAlgorithms that rank results for relevancy Inspiration Behind the Name The very popular search engine called Google was invented by computer scientists  Larry Page and Sergey Brin.  The site was named after a googol—the name for the number 1 followed by 100 zeros—found in the book Mathematics and the Imagination by Edward Kasner and James Newman. To the sites founders, the name represents the immense amount of information that a search engine has to sift through. Backrub, PageRank, and Delivering Search Results In 1995, Page and Brin met at Stanford University while they were  graduate students in computer science. By January 1996, the pair began collaborating on writing a program for a search engine dubbed Backrub, named after its ability to do backlink analysis. The project resulted in a widely popular  research paper titled The Anatomy of a Large-Scale Hypertextual Web Search Engine. The search engine was unique in that it used a technology they developed called  PageRank, which  determined a websites relevance by taking into account  the number of pages, along with the importance of the pages, that linked back to the original site. At the time, search engines ranked results based on how often a search term appeared on a webpage. Next, fueled by the rave reviews that Backrub received, Page and Brin began working on developing Google. It was very much a shoestring project at the time. Operating out of their dorm rooms, the pair built a server network using cheap, used, and borrowed personal computers. They even maxed out their credit cards buying terabytes of disks at discount prices. They first tried to license their search engine technology but failed to find anyone that wanted their product at an early stage of development. Page and Brin then decided to keep Google and seek more financing, improve the product, and take it to the public themselves when they had a polished product. Initial Funding The strategy worked, and after more development, the Google search engine eventually turned into  a hot commodity. Sun Microsystems co-founder  Andy Bechtolsheim was so impressed that after a quick demo of Google, he told the pair, Instead of us discussing all the details, why dont I just write you a check? Bechtolsheims check was for $100,000 and was made out to Google Inc., despite the fact that Google as a legal entity did not exist yet. That next step didnt take long, however. Page and Brin incorporated on September 4, 1998. The check also enabled them to raise $900,000 more for their initial round of funding. Other angel investors included Amazon.com founder Jeff Bezos.   With sufficient funds, Google Inc. opened its first office in  Menlo Park, California.  Google.com, a beta (test status) search engine, was launched and answered 10,000 search queries every day.  On September 21, 1999, Google officially removed the beta from its title. Rise to Prominence   In 2001, Google filed for and received a patent for its PageRank technology that listed Larry Page as the inventor. By then, the company had relocated to a larger space in nearby Palo Alto. After the company finally went public, there were concerns that the one-time startups rapid growth would change the company culture, which was based on the company motto, Do No Evil. The pledge reflected a commitment by the founders and all employees to carry out their work with objectivity and without conflicts of interest and bias. To ensure the company stayed true to its core values, the position of chief culture officer was established. During the period of rapid growth, the company introduced a variety of products, including Gmail, Google Docs, Google Drive, Google Voice, and a web browser called Chrome. It also acquired streaming video platform YouTube and Blogger.com. More recently, there have been forays into different sectors. Some examples are Nexus (smartphones), Android (mobile operating system), Pixel (mobile computer hardware), a smart speaker (Google Home), broadband (Google Fi), Chromebooks, (laptops), Stadia (gaming), self-driving cars, and numerous other ventures.  Advertising revenue generated by search requests remains its biggest earnings driver, however. In 2015, Google underwent a restructuring of divisions and personnel under the conglomerate name Alphabet. Sergey Brin became president of the newly formed parent company, while Larry Page is the CEO. His position at Google was filled with the promotion of  Sundar Pichai. Collectively, Alphabet and its subsidiaries consistently rank among the top 10 most valuable companies in the world.  Its often also cited among the most influential and admired companies, as well.

Business Ethics Essay (grapes - 460 Words

Business Ethics Essay nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Business ethics are a moral code that people conducting any sort of business should feel honorably obligated to follow. People are definitely morally responsible to follow a code of ethics and should never cheat each other. Parts of this code of ethics should be honesty, integrity, fidelity, charity, responsibility, and self-discipline. Those ethics should apply both to a person buying something, and a person selling something. I don’t believe that a person should be forced to follow the caveat emptor policy, on the basis that it is unfair and unjust both to the buyer and seller. If you are an ethical person, you should not have to warn people to beware.†¦show more content†¦For example, they used to coerce women into liking specific cars, so the husband would have to feel ‘forced’ to buy the car to impress their girlfriends/wives. Another example is how the car dealer used to put lousy parts into the cars and sell them, knowing t hat the car would break down 5 miles down the road. He took advantage of the people’s necessity to get out of Oklahoma for his own personal gain. Also, the buyer has a certain responsibility too. They need to make sure to not completely trust the seller, because not everyone is ethical. They should examine the goods carefully, ask educated questions, and read up on the topic before going ahead and buying something. For example, in The Grapes of Wrath, the car dealer was able to take more advantage of the people because he can see the raw need on their faces, and how they didn’t really ask anything to make him give them a better deal. Therefore, the people didn’t do their part of being ethical buyers to get the best and most honest deal. The advertiser also has a big responsibility too, to be honest in the ads. For example, in The Grapes of Wrath, the car dealership advertised a nice car at a very cheap price, but they never sold that car. They lied to the people who wanted to buy that car, saying that it had just been sold. They took advantage of the people’sShow MoreRelatedArtificial Intelligence1237 Words   |  5 Pagesbest thing. But, will it? There are many concerns that arise with the implementation of artificial intelligence within society. This essay will present the arguments for and against, artificial intelligence development and introduction, within society. 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Literary Device Essay Free Essays

Bianca Lynch Literary device essay In the novel At First Sight by Nicholas Sparks He uses mood to help you understand the main character, this also helps you to empathize with his problems and correlate to how they may feel. Another literary device he uses to help you connect to the novel is imagery; he paints an elaborated picture of the town Jeremy Marsh now lives in with his new wife Lexi. The Author describes Boone Creek, a small town in NC Jeremy Marsh has recently moved to for his fiance Lexi Darnell, as a small country hick town that anyone coming from NYC would be ashamed to call home. We will write a custom essay sample on Literary Device Essay or any similar topic only for you Order Now As Jeremy starts to feel more at home, His perspective of the town is changed. It changes from being a hick town to somewhere refreshing where he could see himself settling down with Lexi and their Daughter to come he expresses this early on in ch. Four of the novel, â€Å"The last month in Boone creek, boring as it had been, was actually†¦refreshing† (Jeremy pg 52). In fact he gets so used to the town that when he went back home to NY for his bachelor party he felt out of place, as if something just didn’t fit. His brothers and best friend Alvin criticized his clothes, the â€Å"lumberjack† shirt Lexi bought him. Although Jeremy always did consider himself a somewhat â€Å"stylish† man and if he was still living in NY would have never been seen in those clothes by wearing it made him feel somehow connected to Lexi and his new home Boone Creek. As I read this novel I pictured a clean cut New Yorker moving so a small country town and becoming lost in all the small town gossip and unfamiliar country ways. † They’ll talk behind our backs, they’ll gossip, and it’ll take folks along time to forget that we ‘lived in sin’† (Lexi pg. 4) Lexi told Jeremy when trying to explain to him why they couldn’t live together before getting married. What Jeremy could not become accustomed to was the constant gossip about other people’s lives, although this did go on in the city it wasn’t as bad because new Yorkers don’t have enough time in the day to just sit around and talk about other people’s lives. Another literary device Nicholas Sparks used to absorb the readers attention is mood. Throughout the whole first half of the novel I was left in suspense s to how Jeremy and Lexis relationship would turn out. In the first four chapters the author tries to get the reader to think that there may be some kind of unfaithfulness going on between Lexi and Jeremy on Lexi’s part. Jeremy goes to Lexis job early one day to surprise her and she wasn’t there and did not mention getting off early to him beforehand. When he went to look for her he found her on the bench that overlooked the river with Rodney, her childhood love,† until , that is they shifted on the bench, and he then realized they were holding hands. (Jeremy pg. 73), this along with many other unexplained disappearances by Lexi leads to the suspense in the novel. As I read the end when lexi dies after labor it puts me in a doleful mood. With Jeremy mourning his wife’s death and the thought of their baby girl not having a mother in her life, he refuses to go see his daughter; in fact he said he never wanted to see her. Since Lexi died during Claries birth Jeremy feels animosity towards her, when asked if he saw her yet he said no. â€Å"Jeremy turned away. He didn’t want to heart that, didn’t want to hear anything about the baby†¦would he ever be happy again? †(Jeremy pg 258) Doris, Lexi’s grandmother finally convinces him to go see her, â€Å"And in that instance, while staring at his daughter through a thousand tears, he fell in love and wanted nothing more than to hold Claire forever. † (Narrator pg 263). Jeremy learns to accept Lexis death and accept the gift she left behind, Claire. Although the novel jumps from suspense to love to distressing times Nicholas Sparks still manages to consume the readers attention by using mood and imajery. How to cite Literary Device Essay, Essays

To Whom Does the Future Belong Essay Sample free essay sample

In 2005 the combined end product of emerging economic systems came to account for more than half of entire universe GDP ( measured at purchasing-power para ) . Consequentially. today rich states no longer rule the planetary economic system. while developing states have far greater influence over rich economic systems. The coming of offshoring has lowered production costs. leting consumers in the developed universe to harvest the benefits of cheaper goods and services ; this has reduced consumer monetary value degrees and therefore rising prices. Lower labor costs have been a in big portion. a effect of the fabrication production map. by and large it uses really small human capital and takes a signifier similar to y=ak? . The monolithic rise in the effectual unskilled labor supply ensuing from the ability of MNC’s to travel these procedures abroad has exerted enormous downward force per unit area on unskilled labour’s portion of income L/Y. relation to skilled labors portion Lh/Y in developed states. As the universe develops nevertheless. a turning supply of human capital across the universe has begun to exercise downwards coerce even on skilled domestic laborers. With lower costs of labor. have come lower costs of end product and therefore higher degrees of Net income and larger portion of net income in national income. The abundant supply of effectual labor abroad. additions productiveness. This same opposition to rising prices contributes to the United States’ Dollar’s dependability ; in that it aids the dollar in staying a strong shop of value ; backed by the full religion and recognition of the United States Government. it is a liquid medium of exchange and a dependable unit of history. Given these facts. amidst the greatest growing miracle and supply daze in history. developing states choose to buy dollars for their militias. consequentially. their rapid purchase of dollars immensely increases shortages through capital influx which may take downing U. S. Marginal Product of Capital = MPK =?Y/?K = R which may stand for its equilibrium involvement rate. Despite the possibility of a falling involvement rate giving capital losingss if adjusted for rising prices. capital flows have continued to widen the shortage. taking many to believe. or possibly to hold right thought. that at the really least. big shortages promote assets bubbles. and at worst that majo r economic systems might abandon it. It has been argued that over dependance on foreign capital. and an inordinate current history shortage. uncompensated by private nest eggs might take foreign cardinal Bankss to find the U. S. economic system to hold deteriorating basicss therefore puting off a terror. this statement overlooks the U. S. ’ cardinal strength. Many Economists today believe that U. S. dependance on foreign capital and turning foreign debt has brought about an economic system based on an unsustainable accretion of foreign debt merely worsened by overly low private nest eggs rates. and an out of control current history shortage with entire net foreign liabilities nearing a one-fourth of GDP. It has been posited that failure of foreign U. S. Asset holders to go on buying dollar assets could put of a panic causation heavy dollar depreciation. lifting domestic involvement rates as available capital dries up and widespread rising prices. Though this remains a possibility. it is non a likely 1. Though the U. S. economic system sits atop a mountain of debt. it is non a subprime borrower. as it has the agency abilities and purposes to do good on its debt. With regard to its agencies. the U. S. economic system leads the universe in invention and technological promotion. true the economic system can surely anticipate a painful rectification towards farther specialising in this sector. with lifting planetary demand. this should merely reflect lifting pay rates in these sectors over clip due to their scarce planetary nature. further hiking U. S. comparative wealth through this period until other states become every bit skilled. The U. S. is non unstable in comparative historical footings. its currency will non fall in as it liabilities are denoted in dollars. it is non a â€Å" . com† state without substance. it receives investing as it is technologically driven. it yields high returns has entree to immigrant labour. to boot. it’s salvaging and intangible investing are immensely understated. There has been a great trade of fright that the United States â€Å"net foreign debt† will come to reflect the experience of states such as Argentina. Brazil. and Turkey ensuing in absolute currency prostration but it must be noted that the United States is non a hazardous. unstable and ailing tally emerging state. Noteworthy differences include the fact that U. S. external liabilities are denominated in its ain currency for which it can pull strings as it sees fit. What is more its ability to pull investors is non groundless but instead the consequence of its technologically goaded economic system. high returns and entree to immigrant labour. Despite downward force per unit area on certain labour markets. a twenty-four hours on the land reveals even the furthest debts of the lower class seeking instruction or taking nonexportable occupations. the cab driver. the eating house waiter. these places by their very nature habit be go forthing their several locations. As we know full good. despite these facts ; where net incomes are stored or how they are allocated. corporate net incomes remain higher than of all time before doing portfolio investing more attractive than of all time. all the piece. capital additions on equities. 401 ( K ) plans. and place values are excluded from measurings of personal economy ; when they are added. entire U. S. domestic economy is about 20 per centum of GDP ; about the same rate as in other developed economic systems. Additionally. investing in intangible engineering remains wholly immeasurable. the NBER. estimations that intangible investing grew quickly during the 1990s and is now at least ev ery bit big as physical investing in works and equipment at more than $ 1 trillion per twelvemonth. or 10 per centum of GDP. If the U. S authorities. the President. the Congress and Senate. the Military and Paramilitary are rational persons and establishments. and they portion the same primary aim and curse ; â€Å"to protect and uphold the Fundamental law of The United States of America† . there can be no inquiry that finally they will counter any powers that might endanger national security. If they are rational. they will move expeditiously leveraging the abilities while they can. When one time asked why he was so disinterested in the long tally. John Menard Keynes responded. â€Å"In the long tally we are all dead† . there can be no inquiry that in the long tally. China’s growing is set to catch that of the United States if it fails to take pre-emptive action. but this is an unrealistic premise. every bit early as 2009 the Pentagon began keeping Economic War Games ask foring the best and the brightest to play out brushs affecting Russia. China and the United States. Upon finding th e exposure of the United States to China’s current ability to drop 100s of little â€Å"dollar bombs† with no peculiar hazard to its ego. the importance of cut downing or excepting China from American debt holding’s should hold become evident. Three old ages subsequently we approach a extremist financial drop to extinguish such debt prior to the gap of China’s capital history. In the aftermath of the Doha round the U. S. has begun to partake in favoritism of the kind. which may despite the possibility of aggregative loss. function U. S. strategic and national security involvements. All the piece. for the first clip in decennaries the United States has reopened its ego to oil geographic expedition and the chase of energy independency. Possibly most eventful of all. in 2012. advised by Mankiw. presidential campaigner Mitt Romney proposed offering green cards to anyone who intended to seek an advanced grade in the United States ; this is intriguing as it represents an result ensuing from the populace and mussy establishment of U. S. . political relations. Give a larger. more educated population. a reminder that the United States is non exempt from the most good additions from trade. Give the presence of Rational Parami litary organisations. efficient markets. establishments and the most educated bunch of humanity on Earth I see no ground to anticipate the U. S. will non ( as it ever does ) be proactive in supporting its National Security involvements. Rather than theorizing nevertheless we can lodge with a â€Å"ceteris paribus† set of premises and state of affairss so characteristic of our subject. keeping all things constant. States will excel the U. S. by GDP but in a Nuclear epoch. this is of small effect. the existent menace ballads from the battalion of sceptered establishments large and little. China and India are set to excel the United States in footings of GDP. that said which economic system comes out the largest is of small effect to the inquiry of to whom the hereafter belongs. such a place would connote we are come ining a multipolar universe nevertheless the universe we are come ining is clearly different to a multipolar universe in that it is non to be dominated simply by states but besides by poles who are non themselves provinces. we see this from above by regional and planetary organisations. from below by reserves and grassroots organisations and from the side via nongovernmental organisations ( NGOs ) a nd corporations. To lucubrate. the USA. EU. Japan China. India and Russia are major centres of power. they are non multipolar as regional powers such as Brazil. Saudi Arabia. Nigeria and Pakistan play cardinal functions while establishments such as the IMF. UN. World Bank. African Union. Arab League. ASEAN and OPEC exert enormous power without the presence of a province. all the piece metropoliss such as New York. Shanghai and Sao Paulo exert enormous influence as power centres while MNC’s dominate full industries such as energy. industry and even intelligence. Even little militia’s such as Hamas. Hezbollah. and the Taliban are able to hold enormous impact. U. S. Uni-polarity sees its ego. under menace from all angle’s. today its huge military outgo proves futile against ill equipped reserves on an ever-changing battleground. In the nonionic universe. power and laterality are less coupled due to the reluctance of others to come to its assistance in chase of developing their ain i nfluence and sabotaging that of the U. S. . a instance in point being the ineffectualness of American calls for countenances against Iran due to Russia and China’s refusal to take portion. Even America’s place as a fountain of planetary civilization is melting to intelligence by Al-Jazeera and movie from India’s Bollywood. It should be noted that in the political sense. the autumn of the United States Unipolar Hegemony is non straight the consequence of the growing of other states but instead. it is partly the effect of its political overreaching. its efforts to rule through strength have led to dearly-won wars which have put it in a peculiarly lame place amidst an epoch of globalisation. Additionally. it is the consequence of globalisation its ego. globalisation reinforces non-polarity in two major ways. for one many cross-border flows take topographic point outside the control of authoritiess and without their cognition. As a consequence. globalisation dilutes the influence of the major powers. Second. these same flows frequently strengthen the capacities of nonstate histrions. such as energy exporters. terrorists and MNC’s. Non-polarity will increase the figure of menaces confronting states such as the United States. These menaces can take the signifier of knave provinces. terrorist groups and energy manufacturers that choose to cut down their end product. That said. though non-polarity may be inevitable. its signifier is surely non. a great trade can and should be done to determine a non-polar universe. bearing that in head. order will non emerge on its ain. in fact Entropy shows that the more big histrions a system has. the greater will be the extent of entropy. that is to state that left to its ain devices. a nonionic universe will go more helter-skelter over clip. In decision. there is important grounds to back up the claim that rich states no longer rule planetary political economic system. while developing states now have far greater influence over rich 1s. There is besides significant grounds to back up the claim that offshoring has lowered production costs. leting for cheaper goods and services and cut downing consumer monetary value degrees and therefore rising prices. What is more. a turning supply of human capital across the universe has begun to exercise downwards coerce even on skilled domestic laborers. ensuing in a greater portion of income traveling to gain and increasing productiveness. Many economic experts feel that these fortunes may shortly justify decisions by cardinal bankers that the U. S. ’s inability to salvage every bit much as it invests my signal possible hazard. Though the U. S. economic system sits atop a mountain of debt. it is non a subprime borrower. as it has the agency abilities and purposes to do good on its debt. the U. S. economic system receives investing influxs as a consequence of its ability to give high hazard weighted returns. uniting entree to immigrant labour. invention and technological promotion. Furthermore. if the U. S authorities is a rational establishment there can be no inquiry that finally it will oppose any powers that might endanger national security. Ultimately. I do non believe there is sufficient grounds to claim that a big scale forsaking of the dollar should go on in the following decennary or so. that said. I expect that as China comes to lift. it will wish to asseverate its ego and may seek to either set the Yuan at the Centre of the system or destruct the system it’s ego. Despite these positions. it seems dubious given the presence of atomic arms that the universe can of all time once more prolong a bi-polar or multipolar system. finally. if we are to last as a species we will necessitate to go unipolar or non-polar. as such. in the meantime. the hereafter will belong to either China. the United States. or anyone who can accumulate sufficient resources or agencies. It should be noted that the autumn of the United States unipolar hegemony is non straigh t the consequence of the growing of other states but instead. the effect of its political overreaching. its efforts to rule through strength have led to dearly-won wars. ironically non-polarity will increase the figure of menaces confronting states such as the United States. These menaces can take the signifier of knave provinces. terrorist groups and energy manufacturers that choose to cut down their end product. That said. though non-polarity may be inevitable. its signifier is surely non. a great trade can and should be done to determine a non-polar universe.